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Print Articles,

The neXt Big Thing?

“We want to produce good, quality theatre that will once again identify the St. Catharines downtown district as an important destination for visitors.”

Daniel Abadie

Artistic Musical Director

neXt Company Theatre

 

St.  Catharines was once a city dedicated to artistic expression. Known for being a prevalent area for the arts, the downtown core of the city has progressively diminished in artistic stature over the years. Though Brock University has always conveyed the importance of  the arts in an ever-changing modern world, there still remains an emptiness found in the heart of this metropolis.

 

However, to quote Bob Dylan, the times they are a-changin’. Over the past couple of years, certain inhabitants of St. Catharines have made it their duty to alter the artistic landscape of the city. For the first time in years, there is a feeling of resurgence and rebirth circulating amongst the body of St. Catharines.

 

For starters, it was recently announced that Brock University and the city were combining forces and finances ($101 million to be exact) to build a new Niagara Centre for the Arts and a Marilyn I Walker School of Fine and Performing Arts in the historical centre of St. Catharines.  The deal was also said to include the construction of adjacent presentation spaces that will provide the city with cultural facilities.

 

On a much smaller scale, there is also something significant occurring at the Sullivan Mahoney Theatre located at 101 King Streetin downtown St. Catharines. Here you will find a small but passionate new professional theatre company working vigorously to provide high quality theatre to the downtown district.

 

Made up of three core members, Dr. David Fancy, Daniel Abadie and Billy Arthur, the diminutive but passionate neXt Company Theatre troupe have one goal in mind: to make a difference.

 

Originally an entirely separate company called A & A Theatre, Daniel Abadie and Billy Arthur were focused on recreating the art of the stage musical. When they met Artistic Director David Fancy and General Manager Bryan White of neXt Company Theatre at the Downtown Alliance for Performing Arts (DAPA) courthouse season launch last year, there was an instant connection. Soon after, a partnership was formed to combine the two companies.

 

Though the two facets of the company had different aims, it was agreed upon that each would continue to explore a variety of theatre styles as one. Thus, A & A still exists as the musical division of the company. As a result, neXt are now the very first professional company to perform musicals in downtown St. Catharines.

 

What differentiates the group from many other competing companies is its focus on engaging social issues. Not a group to shy away from controversy, neXt is dedicated to the impassioned and informed creation of new work that is both beautiful and demanding for their audiences.

 

According to Abadie, “neXt is not afraid to bring edgy material to the community. It is important to keep up with what’s going on in the world, and that is what we are trying to do. We want to get people thinking by making our theatre thought-provoking. We want to entertain you while also challenging you”.

 

Now, this does not mean that the theatre group revels in decadence.  Far from it. In fact, it is highly commendable that an up-and-coming company would dare tackle issues that a conservative city like St. Catharineswould normally shy away from.

 

However, as much as it is admirable to have a dream, financial restrictions will always come into play. With any up-and-coming business, money is always a key factor in propelling a company forward. Already having failed twice before as a result of financial instability, this is Abadie’s third attempt at launching a theatre company, and he is determined not to witness it again.

 

With a solid background in theatre for many years now, Abadie, with the help of Artistic Associate Billy Arthur and many other volunteers, set out to do something special to help raise money and awareness for the newly merged company: put on a production of “The Rocky Horror Picture Show”.

 

What better way to introduce your company to the region then to perform one of the most influential, controversial and cultish shows in the history of theatre and film. While the company instills a controversial mantra (edgy and not for the faint of heart), the show went on in February of this year to great acclaim, and consequently raised a substantial amount of money that was immediately placed back into the company for future shows.

 

With the great success of the fundraiser, neXt focused on their next production entitled “That Woman: A Sex Play” directed by David Fancy who is not only the artistic director of neXt productions, but is also a National Playwright Award Winner (for his previous play “Khalida”, which was featured at the Lincoln Centre for the Arts in New York City) and the head of the theatre department at Brock University.

 

“That Woman: A Sex Play” tackles the issue of internet dating and how it can affect and alter personal relationships. Structured as a love triangle, the play stars Award Winning Actress Monica Dufault in all three of the roles. It appeared on stage from April 13-16 of this year to great acclaim.

 

As the accolades continue to pour in, the company continues on with an unheralded perseverance. In June of this year, Abadie will direct “March of the Falsettos”, a thought-provoking but humorous take on the issues surrounding modern-day families. Though dark subject matter populates the narrative, the play is peppered with elements of light humor which instills a sense of unpredictability throughout its duration. The play will appear on stage fromJune 23-27, 2011.

 

As it stands right now, neXt Company theatre is striving to be a key contributor in the artistic renaissance of the downtown core. Highly dedicated to the region, neXt is determined to incorporate local talent and recentBrockUniversitygraduates into their future stage productions. Rather than have them leave the area after graduation for other cities with a more prominent art scene, neXt plans on building a reputation as a highly competitive art institution.

 

It is perhaps too early to tell if the company will accomplish all of their ambitious pursuits, but one cannot deny their passionate commitment to the city. In a downtown largely devoid of a distinct artistic identity, neXt Company Theatre are working hard to make a difference. This simply cannot be ignored.

 

 

 

a22c
Blog,

An Ode to Cool

The notion of cool has always appealed to my innate desires. To be that rebellious, rock n’ roll outlaw who eschews authoritative direction. To walk with a swaggering strut, highly aware that my limitations as an individual in no way impede on my confident, self-assuredness.

I am in no way talking about the transparent falseness of a high school sort of coolness. This type of coolness is reserved for adult individuals shaken and stirred by a chaotic world, only to smile and openly defy life’s gravitational pull with an air of reckless abandon.

Popular culture works very hard to embellish a sense of cool, but it’s shocking how easily I tend to fall into that maze of fabricated narration. My entire idea of what cool is tends to come from the explosive expression of popular culture artefacts I seem content to consume myself with.

In the “real” world, there is something mediocre about the normality of our society. There are spurts of excitement, but they tend to fall few and far between our social obligation to routine.

Popular culture exerts its persuasive grip over our society because of its ability to sever the ties bound to normality.

Cool exists in many different forms in popular culture. From Ryan Gosling’s stoic, cold-blooded Driver in Drive to Keith Richard’s audaciously manic public personality, this culture of personality is seductive in its embrace.

It’s very difficult not to lose yourself in the moments designed to impress.

Clint Eastwood as The Man with No Name wordlessly commandeering our attention with a malicious grimace.

James Dean’s iconic stroll through downtown New York-hair frazzled as a cigarette dangles precariously from his lips.

Heck, Steve McQueen was cool all the time-his charismatic aura dazzling the eye with tantalizing seduction.

The idea of cool can embody many particular characteristics. The suave and dapper (George Clooney), the flamboyantly stylistic (Scott Weiland), the raw masculinity (John Wayne) or the fearless rebel (Bob Dylan). But then again, these traits aren’t written in stone.

To be honest, it’s how it is expressed that makes cool so vibrantly alluring. Anyone can attempt coolness, but it’s how it is projected to the naked eye that truly matters, because truthfully, everyone’s definition of cool will differ in some way.

I am well aware that my idea of cool does not include everyday performers striving to make this world a better place. I seem to be preoccupied with popular culture and what it has done to motivate my senses.  But I make no apologies for what I find cool. These are the images and personalities that leave me awe-inspired as a result of their nonchalant middle finger to codified classification.

And for that, I will forever be enthralled!

 

AJ1
Film Reviews,

Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull

 

It has now been nineteen years since the third and (apparent) final installment of Indiana Jones hit theatres. In 1989, it appeared that Indiana had partaken in his final adventure (in Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade) as the whip-cracking hero. However, after numerous story ideas and a revolving door of screenwriters, the series has finally struck back with a vengeance in 2008.

 

Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull is the embodiment of what a summer movie should be. Action, adventure, comedy and preposterous plots help to define what a summer movie is, and these categories truly hold meaning for this film. Yet for all the action that is included, there is a limited use of computer generated imagery (CGI) present. In more ways then one, the film relies heavily on old school tactics (stunt man as opposed to computer effects) to not so much create a sense of realism, but as to create a sense of nostalgia.

 

The film truly embraces its past. Just because technology has advanced does not mean it needs to be exploited for the purpose of creating a greater sense of adventure. Indiana Jones works as a result of the audiences’ previous understanding of this character. He is not perfect and is constantly apprehended. He is an accidental hero improvising the steps. Yet, he is more real as a result, and that is what makes him so relatable.

 

This being said, the film is more then just mindless entertainment. Starring a now 65 year old Harrison Ford, and directed by veteran Steven Spielberg, the Indiana Jones series has become a reinvigorated and fresh adventure to be embraced by everyone.

 

The Plot of the Crystal Skull

 

Indiana Jones’ (Harrison Ford) newest adventure begins in the desert Southwest in 1957 — the height of the Cold War. Indy and his sidekick Mac (Ray Winstone) have barely escaped a close scrape with nefarious Soviet agents on a remote airfield. Now, Professor Jones has returned home toMarshallCollege– only to find things have gone from bad to worse. His close friend and dean of the college (Jim Broadbent) explains that Indy’s recent activities have made him the object of suspicion, and that the government has put pressure on the university to fire him.

 

On his way out of town, Indiana meets rebellious young Mutt (Shia LaBeouf), who carries both a grudge and a proposition for the adventurous archaeologist: If he’ll help Mutt on a mission with deeply personal stakes, Indy could very well make one of the most spectacular archaeological finds in history — the Crystal Skull of Akator, a legendary object of fascination, superstition and fear.

 

That is all that will be mentioned as it in the viewer’s best interest to discover the wonders of this film firsthand. With this being said, the film does magnificently capture the 1950s era through its focus on the threat of Communism, the Cold War, nuclear bombs, Harley Davidson’s and leather jackets, the emergence of rock n’ roll, greasers, and a new found fascination with U.F.O.’s.

 

For anyone who has seen an Indiana Jones film, the structure of the plot will not deviate from past experiences. There are chases sequences, vile enemies, disgusting creatures, over-the-top wild action and so on. The film follows the previous three films construction to a tee, but yet stands on its own as a wonderful piece of escapism. One truly gets a sense of wonderment as the action and plot unfolds onscreen.

 

The Characters of Indiana Jones

 

Whereas most summer films displace characterization with action, Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull has an intent focus on building character relations in association with creating nail-biting tension. As a result, the characters are wonderfully brought to life through a wide arrange of award winning actors (such as John Hurt).

 

However, it is Cate Blanchett as Irina Spalko that truly mesmerizes the eyes. She is cold and calculating and dominates every frame she is in. She is perhaps one of the strongest female characters in recent memory on the big screen. Blanchett’s acting range can hardly be compared to anyone else at the present moment, and her turn as a truly vindictive villainous adds yet more range to her already impressive resume.

 

However the film would not survive ten minutes if it were not for Harrison Ford. Ford is not the greatest or most compelling actor ever, but he is extremely charismatic. He magnetically holds the glance of the audience. Not just because he is Indiana Jones, but rather because of his nonchalant approach to playing this now iconic character. He was born for the role.

 

It would have been a tremendous shame if the film had not lived up to expectations (though it is not a perfect film). Threatening the iconic status of the series with one final showing may have contaminated what had previously come before it. However, the film is extremely entertaining and, though it may not live up to Raiders of the lost Ark (1981), is still a relevant piece of escapist fare. It deserves to be mentioned alongside the previous trilogy as a worthy ally.

AH
Film Reviews,

Major League

 

Synopsis:

 

The new owner of the Cleveland Indians purposely assembles a baseball team consisting of untalented misfits. Her goal; if they are bad enough then she will be allowed to relocate the team toMiami. However, things do not go as expected.

 

Review:

 

To put it simply, Major League is a predictable and cliché ridden underdog story. There is nothing truly innovative about the structure of the plot. The characters are not very dimensional, and appear to have been cut out from another movie and pasted into this one. As well, the film fits the formulaic blue print of aHollywoodproduction to a tee. So why review a film that does not have the fortitude to stand out on its own?  Well, for one reason, I like the film.

 

Major League follows the story of a group of (un)talented, uncoordinated baseball players who somehow manage to bring it all together (through numerous differences with one another) and become an actual team driven by passion and heart. One player practices voodoo, while another just shows up to Spring Training without so much as an invitation. Then there’s the guy who uses snot on the ball to help him pitch, while another who refuses to dive for a baseball because it might jeopardize his face if it hits him. It’s like ‘The Bad News Bears’ of the older generation.

 

We have seen it all before but yet this is a film with sincere intentions. It has a desire to please and for the most part it succeeds. Let’s face it. The ‘Rocky’ story (if done correctly) should work all the time. We want to see this group of individuals (who have already been pre-judged) to overcome the obstacles placed in their way.

 

Hollywoodunderstands the formula to deliver a mainstream film (heck, they created the formula). Their goal is to simply entertain, and usually I am more then willing to contradict the actions of the Hollywood institution. But, in this case, I have made an exception. I don’t know why I like this film so much. Perhaps it is because I grew up with it as a child. Maybe it is because I played baseball for over fifteen years and I loved anything to do with the sport.

 

Usually as one gets older, their tastes change. There are a tremendous amount of films I loved growing up, but as I try to watch them now I find that I can no longer endure a mere five minutes of their running time. Sometimes I ponder, ‘what was I thinking’? As one grows, one is supposed to mature (I think). Isn’t that the way life is? Perhaps I haven’t reached that stage yet or maybe, as much as I try to deny it, I am still a fan ofHollywoodentertainment, no matter how simplistic it may be at times.

 

‘Major League’ was a major hit at the box office back in 1989, and eventually led to the creation of two horrendous sequels attempting to capitalize on its success. However sequels rarely can capture the heart and soul of an original. This is especially true with this series.

 

I have always been a big fan of Tom Berenger, and he is quite likable in this light hearted (yet vulgar) piece of mindless entertainment. It truly does anger me, though, that he does not receive more quality roles nowadays. In the 80’s, he was a bona fide superstar appearing in many good films. Trying to find him in a decent film nowadays is like looking for a needle in a haystack. I always vowed that if I were a director, I would try to hire him for my movie in an attempt to resuscitate his career (a la Tarantino). I feel he deserves it.

 

Charlie Sheen is also fun to watch in his role as Ricky Vaughn, an ex-con pitcher who can’t hit the strike zone because of his inability to see the plate. His talent for comedy is truly on stage here. Of note, it is certainly interesting to watch Berenger and Sheen interact with one another during the course of the film. They are good friends in this film, but it is definitely difficult to forget the onscreen tension that they had for one another only three years prior in Oliver Stone’s ‘Platoon’.

 

The director, David S. Ward, does an adequate job of telling a story but does not attempt anything special. He simply allows the film to unfold in a manner that compliments itself. Though, he does provide a relatively entertaining last twenty minutes. What I mean is that he does not jump the gun with dispelling the suspense. He allows it to slowly unveil itself (not every pitch is a hit-there are pauses in the delivery so to speak) as a real baseball game would. As a result, the film concludes with a predictable but yet heartwarming finale.

 

So my advice to those who haven’t seen the film is that in all likely-hood, you have seen something like it before. There is nothing new to be delivered, and many may be turned off by its lack of originality. However, the film truly has a feel good quality underlying its surface, and for this reason may be why I have not shut it off after five minutes.

 

 

 

 

ay
Film Reviews,

Duel

 

Synopsis:

 

David Mann (Dennis Weaver), on his way to a business appointment, pulls out of his garage, leaves his city, and heads out onto the unfamiliar desert highways. As he slowly moves away from civilization, David Mann passes a slow moving oil tanker truck, and becomes its unwilling prey. The truck is relentless in its pursuit, and David must summon the courage and strength to escape alive while struggling to maintain a firm grasp on his psyche.

 

Review:

 

‘Duel’ is a simple story. A man encounters an unknown threat and must learn to defeat it. A simple story but yet it is a film that is so well paced and shot, that it creates an energy which carries the film to its satisfying conclusion.

 

Steven Spielberg was merely 25 when he made this film. Originally a television movie, it became such a spectacular ratings winner that it was released theatrically overseas with an additional 16 minutes of footage. This was the film, not ‘Jaws’ (1975), which helped to put Spielberg on the map in Hollywood.

 

This film grabs the viewer immediately from the opening segment through its use of a P.O.V. perspective. The first shot that the audience witnesses is from David Mann’s eyes as he exits from his garage. Immediately, the audience has identified with the person that will guide us on this journey.

 

In only a few moments, Spielberg provides a tremendous amount of information that will be crucial in understanding the character of David Mann. As the opening credits role, the viewer sees David Mann leaving the familiarity of his street, his downtown, and his city all within a few shots. One other important fact is conveyed as well. People slowly disappear. Where there were many in the city, there are less and less as David makes his way out of the confines of his familiar land and into the unknown desert landscape. The audience understands that David is now out of his element because he is unaware of his surroundings. Not one word is spoken by Mann, but yet the audience already knows a tremendous amount about him, which will be significant when he is tested later on in the film.

 

As was noted earlier, this is a film that involves a simple story. As David Mann proceeds on his journey farther into the desert, he encounters a big and slow moving oil tanker truck. The tanker is a disgusting monstrosity, and it is quite apparent that it has been involved in numerous battles, whether it be with the road or other drivers. The truck is shot in such a way as if to convey that this piece of machinery is a living entity. It is menacing, loud, and very overwhelming to Mann, considering Mann is driving a 1970 Plymouth family car. When the audience first encounters this truck, Spielberg voyeuristically surveys the entire body of the vehicle. As the camera pans from the back to the front of the behemoth truck, the audience is granted a glimpse at the beast that will be the cause of David Mann’s troubles from hereon out.  As the camera reaches the front, the audience also views many license plates (perhaps souvenirs from his victims). However, the audience is not allowed to see the face of the driver. He is the unknown stalking the unknown in a foreign land.

 

In Hollywood films, the desert has always been labeled as a survival of the fittest type of environment. Thus, there is a strong presence of masculine ideals existent within the outback (as is the case in many Australian films). How ideal that there is to be a battle of supremacy between a willing combatant and a man in desperate need to display some sort of masculinity for the audience.

 

The unknown has always been feared. In typical horror films, sensing and understanding that there is an evil presence is always much more terrifying then actually witnessing what the threat is. Your imagination is allowed to take over and create many disturbing and frightening visuals as a result. One of Spielberg’s key themes throughout his films is of the ordinary coming under attack from the extraordinary (think ‘Jaws’, ‘Jurassic Park’ (1993)). David Mann is an ordinary (perhaps ‘nerdy’) man, conveyed through his look, his car, and even his name. As he ventures into foreign land, he comes into contact with an extraordinary being, which is symbolized by the menacing presence of the truck.

 

After the initial introductions, it is time for the game to begin; and what a game it is. For the next 80 or so minutes, the audience becomes an unwilling voyeur in a sadistic game perpetrated by this relentless and menacing foe. Nothing will be spoiled for those who have not seen it, but it is definitely a ride to be experienced. This is a film that resembles the emerging creativity that Spielberg would quickly come to grasp and use towards all of his future films.

 

However, this film would not have been as great as it is if it were not for the truly remarkable performance provided by Dennis Weaver. He is basically the only character on screen, and thus he becomes our guiding point. The viewer identifies with him and, as a result, truly begins to understand him as a character. Fear, relief, paranoia, jubilation, and so on are all convincingly conveyed by Weaver. This is not an easy character to portray, but yet Weaver excels in his ability to create a character determined to survive.

 

This film is so simple but yet so intriguing and suspenseful. There are not enough words to describe the excitement this film helps to create. Though it was made in 1971, this film still packs quite a wallop. It is definitely a classic in every sense of the word.

An
Film Analysis,

Jaws: A Perspective

 

Thirty-five years ago, a young director, by the name of Steven Spielberg, overcame many obstacles to deliver a pulse-pounding adventure story bent on redefining the notion of fear.

 

Steven Spielberg has made a wide assortment of films over his nearly forty years in cinema. However, one continual theme has been persistent throughout most of his stories. As he has noted: “I’ve discovered I’ve got this preoccupation with ordinary people pursued by large forces”.

 

In ‘Duel’ (1971), an ordinary man is terrorized by a large, grotesque oil tanker. In ‘Close Encounters of the Third Kind’ (1977), a small community is visited by aliens. In ‘JurassicPark’ (1993), visitors are introduced to dinosaurs. Ordinary human beings and their relationship to all things extraordinary is a typical fixture of Spielberg films, and it is this thematic element which helps to formulate many memorable characters and situations.

 

In ‘Jaws’, Spielberg exploits this thematic issue to create a memorable adventure film, while simultaneously constructing realism through incredible, in-depth character development. ‘Jaws’, on the outset, is a film about a shark terrorizing a small costal community, but it is also a film that analyzes society’s preconceived notions about fear, courage, class, masculinity, and geographical displacement.

 

One key attribute exploited joyfully by ‘Jaws’ is in its refusal to provide a visual composition for its attacking offender. As an adventure/horror film, ‘Jaws’ succeeds largely on the basis that the audience rarely captures a glimpse of the shark. The fact that the audience cannot see what or who is behind the attacks highlights a fear and paranoia, which conveys so much more than if the shark were to be viewed on a consistent basis.

 

There has always been an unspoken fear concerning the nature of a faceless enemy in a foreign land. Man has always been deemed fragile in the face of nature and the unseen, which goes to highlight the fact that society has always feared what they cannot see, explain, or define.

 

Obviously, the audience is aware that a shark is perpetrating these attacks, but since they are unable to verify their assumptions creates an uncomfortable fragile mindset. In perhaps the most frightening use of camera work in cinematic history, there are many shots which occur from beneath the surface of the water, eyeing potential victims swimming above. The audience takes on the perspective of the shark as it moves closer and closer to its intended prey, while being prodded along by a wonderfully written score by John Williams. These people are unaware of a potential attack, but the audience has become fully aware of what is about to occur. The unknown being stalked by the unknown is perhaps the most frightening capability of film. The audience is left in a vulnerable and defenseless position.

 

The idea of terror is wonderfully exploited by Spielberg, and it is clear that he succeeds in filming these types of situations. However, the film has become a classic for more then what he has been able to incorporate visually. Where Spielberg truly excels is in his focus on characters and their relationship to the world around them.

 

‘Jaws’ is considered one of the greatest cinematic masterpieces of all time. This is largely due to the time and concentration spent on the nature of its characters.

 

The films protagonist, Martin Brody (Roy Scheider), is a complicated and less then ideal ‘hero’. He is a fragile character. In a way, he is very much like a child, insecure and lacking. He has relocated himself and his family to the tourist laden area of Amity, and has struggled to integrate himself into the defined boundaries of this community. He is as much a tourist as the conventional visitor is. He is a sightseer in a foreign land.

 

As shark attacks continue to mount, Martin is unable to arrive at any sort of solution as to how to put an end to the chaotic terror gripping this ideal summer haven. It is at this point that the film averts its focus from spectacle, and instead becomes a picture obsessed with the development of character relationships.

 

For reasons unknown, in the final third of the film, Martin decides (even though he is afraid of the water) to venture out onto a boat with the gruff, working class Quint (Robert Shaw), and the middle class intellectual, Hooper (Richard Dreyfuss), to not so much track down and kill this evil and maniacal shark, but as to achieve some sense of maturation for his own self-worth.

 

‘Jaws’ is as much a film about adventure and terror as it is about self-evaluation and self-discovery. These thematic issues are truly explored during the sequences between the three men on the boat. In typical Western films and Australian films (now in Spielberg films), there has always been a necessary contradicting theme present. That is, the idea that although wilderness (land, sea, etc.) and civilization (suburbia, the city) are two opposing thematic elements, they are nonetheless crucial to one another and to the understanding of these complex stories. These two ideas cannot coexist, but yet depend on each other to create tension and understanding.

 

As a result, Martin leaves the confines of a safe environment, governed by rules and authority, and enters an uninhabited sea defined by lawlessness and connoting a Darwinian survival of the fittest type mentality. The fact that Martin enters into this uncivilized land is reflective of the man Martin desires to be. His journey away from the familiarity of civilization will truly test who he is as a person and as an individual.

 

As was the case with the character of David Mann in ‘Duel’, Martin Brody will have to summon the courage and strength to survive, while struggling to maintain a firm grasp on his psyche.  He must learn to understand himself in an alien environment.

 

‘Jaws’ is a rich, methodically structured film that toys with its audience much in the way Alfred Hitchcock would toy with his. Spielberg seamlessly converts passive audience members into shockingly disturbed active participants. The film is filled with tension and delivers on spectacle, but should be remembered for its focus on character. An attribute which is sorely lacking in modern day thrillers.

AE
Film Analysis,

The Objectified Woman

 

Women have forever been linked to the idea of ‘bearer of meaning’ rather than ‘maker of meaning’ in Hollywood films. According to Laura Mulvey, author of the article “Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema”, women have forever been identified with the role of ‘passive observer’. As a result, men are permitted to live out their fantasies and obsessions by imposing them on the silent image of the woman. In basic terms, the male is identified as an active participant in the movement of the plot, whereas women have been typically assigned the role of inactive participant (she has no influence over the subject matter of the plot-she functions as a distraction for the male). As Mulvey has noted: “the woman’s visual presence (in narrative film) tends to work against the development of a story line, to freeze the flow of action in moments of erotic contemplation”.

 

The Objectification of Women

 

Women have rarely been respected inHollywoodfilms. Yes, there are numerous films about the empowerment of women and their drive and dedication for independence, but, for the most part, women have been relegated to the role of ‘eye candy’. They are rarely taken seriously and are usually vilified by the voyeuristic camera lens.

 

In typicalHollywoodfilms, men are in control of the gaze (that is, the audience sees what they see). Women are typically on the receiving end of that gaze. They are looked at, objectified and sexualized by the male protagonist. Women rarely have the power to reverse the gaze, and when they do, they are normally punished by the film’s narrative.

 

For instance, in Alfred Hitchcock’s 1963 classic ‘The Birds’ (a film about a group of birds that attack a small community), Tippi Hendren’s character, Melanie Daniels, is a strong, independent woman. When she first views Rod Taylor’s character, Mitch Brenner, she is intrigued. He has become an object for her satisfaction. She takes control of the gaze (not him), and as a result, he becomes objectified. As the film progresses, she becomes more infatuated with him and eventually proceeds to follow him on vacation. At one point, she is sitting out in a row boat in the middle of a lake, watching him from afar through a pair of binoculars. It is at this instant that the first bird attack occurs. There is no explanation as to why the birds attack in the film narrative, but if one studies it from a theoretical standpoint-one may understand that Hitchcock is punishing Melanie for attempting to alter the normal standards Hollywood has instilled for narrative film (In fact, if one studies Hitchcock’s filmography in detail, it seems as though he enjoyed reprimanding women for attempting to obtain subjectivity-Marion Crane in ‘Psycho’ is just one example). Melanie cannot be the maker of meaning (she cannot obtain subjectivity), but rather she must be forced back into patriarchal society’s defined role for her.

 

Subjectivity and Objectivity

 

Traditionally, this blatant representation of the sexes has consistently occurred throughout narrative cinema. However, in some instances, these two opposing factors have merged together and resulted in troubled representations of the female in question. In Ridley Scott’s 1979 film, ‘Alien’, Ripley (Sigourney Weaver) is the lone survivor of the alien attacks. Her entire crew has been killed and she has stood out as the subject of the film’s narrative. After successfully obtaining her subjectivity throughout the course of the story, the film begins to feel threatened by this idea and immediately (voyeuristically) objectifies her by showcasing her walking around in a state of undress. Instantaneously, her subjectivity is stripped from her and her role as object reemerges. In this one instant, the viewer no longer defines her as a subject. She is unwittingly undermining all that she has achieved during the course of the film. Yet, save for the final scene, Ripley is still an extremely strong character, and should be identified as a strong role model for women in film.

 

There are also many films in which women, desiring to be treated as subjects, have attempted to use sexuality to undermine the norms ofHollywoodnarrative. However, are they actually achieving this goal? No matter how much she accomplishes, if a woman is sexualized, isn’t that in some way undermining her role as a subject? Sexuality is a powerful tool, but is the woman still not being objectified as a result? If so, it is a shame that women are fooling themselves into believing that this type of sexual behavior will undermine the dominant ideology.

 

Conclusion

 

Hollywoodhas forever been built on illusion. As a result, many people are unaware of the dangerous portrayals of women in, not only films, but as well, magazines, television, and music videos. The idea that women are merely objects is an extremely wrong message to deliver to society. But yet, no matter how much one critiques or complains, women are still objectified in every form of entertainment. Sex sells and will forever be a strong selling point. Men have always been considered the maker of meaning in films, and as long as this continues, women will forever be objected to the voyeuristic gazes of the masses.

 

At
Film Reviews,

Swingers

 

Synopsis:

 

Mike Peters (perhaps the greatest character name ever for film), portrayed by Jon Favreau, is a wannabe actor who has moved out toLos AngelesfromNew York. He has recently broken up with his long time girlfriend, and is still devastated by it. Fearing the worst for his friend, Trent (Vince Vaughn), vows to do whatever it takes to get Mike back into the game, and proceeds to take him out to cocktail lounges, parties in the Hollywood Hills, and of course, Las Vegas to get his mind back on track.

 

 

Review:

 

‘Swingers’ is a film concerned with the heartbreak and torment of a love struck individual attempting to come to terms with who he is as a person.  From this vague description, one would assume that this film is about sorrow and loss. To tell you the truth, it is. But the films delivers it with such authentic sincerity that it becomes both humorous and humbling at the same time.

 

InHollywood, status is everything. Wealth, success, and geographical location are all crucial to this fundamental element of importance. In fact, a great representative of one’s own stature of significance inHollywoodis that the farther west one lives (from downtownLos Angeles), the more successful one appears to be. Mike desires success but has not yet achieved that status. As a result, he is relegated to inhabiting a dinky, unfurnished apartment in the heart of downtownLos Angeles. I guess he is east of success at this point. As a consequence, the films key thematic concern becomes firmly established. Mike is an outsider. He does not exist in this world. He is forced to quarantine himself within his apartment, and hide from this part of the world that has not yet accepted him.

 

In fact, Mike’s friend, Rob (Ron Livingston), is dealing with the same sort of upheavals.   Rob (having recently moved out toLos   Angeles) notes that back when he was inNew Yorktwo months ago, he was playing Hamlet in an Off-Broadway play. Now he is auditioning for the role of Goofy (to entertain customers around the theme park) for Walt Disney (in fact, later on, we discover that Rob fails to obtain this role because of his lack of theme park experience). During one crucial moment, however, Rob confesses that he only came out here because he was inspired by Mike to do so. To be honest, there are thousands of people each year who journey to Los Angeles in search of stardom, only to be cast away. As a result, these people become bitter and begin to question the dreams they had when they initially arrived in this ferocious town. These people feel alone and thus isolate themselves from one another.Hollywooddoes not care for the individual unless that individual can do something for them.

 

In a fit of despair, Mike weighs the option of heading back toNew York. He has all but given up.Los Angeleshas gotten the better of him. However, the character ofTrenthas not given up on him. He is determined to help Mike get back onto his feet and reestablish him as a member of society. Relentlessly, Trent proceeds to take Mike out to numerous establishments to show him that there is more to life then self-pity and self-loathing.

 

Trent, however, is not without his own flaws. He is a fun loving guy but he is all pizzazz and fizzle. His intentions are honorable but he has built himself up into something that is highly questionable. He believes that he has it all figured out when, in fact, he is as much an outsider as Mike is (Trentjust hides it better). This is greatly emphasized when Mike,Trentand three other friends head to a party in the Hollywood Hills. As they enter, everyone stares in bewilderment. They are not an accepted member of this status quo. It is a party for people who have made it. Not for people who desire to make it. Yes, Trent disguises himself as a member of this community and cleverly inserts himself within it (for a time being), but Mike is unable to do the same. Attempting to establish himself within this ‘important’ group, Mike proceeds to mingle with a female partygoer. The first thing she inquires about is the make of his car. When Mike confesses that he has a Cavalier, she turns away in disgust and ignores him. He cannot fake his way into this world because he is not yet fit to be a part of this world (not yet, anyways).

 

Given the serious tone of this review thus far, ‘Swingers’ is in fact one of the most hip and fun films of the past twenty years. The characterizations are realistically well drawn, and the vocabulary enunciated by this group of friends is fresh, intriguing and memorable. They discuss issues that are non-important to some, but relevant to others (Discussions about the tracking shot in ‘Goodfellas’ (1990) and the slow-motion opening of ‘Reservoir Dogs’ (1992)-which are both reenacted in the film), and they have interesting modes of speech and communication (Vegas Baby, Vegas), (Baby, you are so money, and you don’t even know it!). In fact, the language can be characterized as normal typical banter spoken amongst any group of friends concerned with discussing the nature of popular culture (highly reminiscent of ‘Seinfeld’). These people could be any one of us and the film whole heartedly embraces this fact.

 

One of the key contributors to the overall effectiveness of this film is in its use of music. Many vintage crooners are nostalgically revisited here (like Dean Martin), while simultaneously incorporating swing music through the likes of the band, Big Bad Voodoo Daddy. Swing music is an important element for this film because it gives the film life. It helps to destroy the self-pity of Mike, and awakens him to the possibilities of hope (it plays an important part during the last twenty minutes of this film). The films somber subject matter is undermined by the up-beat nature of this vibrant genre of music.

 

Sincerely, ‘Swingers’ is not a film that attempts to sadden the viewer. It is here to rejuvenate the tortured soul, and to reestablish the battered human psyche. The important element here is the value of friends. No matter how down and out one may be; true friends will always remain by your side. In fact, Mike’s trust in his friends helps him to reemerge as a member of this alien society. Yes, there are many embarrassing modes of dialogue, and one extremely unsettling sequence with an answering machine for Mike (perhaps one of the most difficult scenes to watch in film history), but he is able to bounce back from his humiliation.

 

‘Swingers’ is an extremely low budget film ($250,000 to be exact), but it never lets its budget constraints prevent it from being what it truly wants to be. It is a film with heart and soul, and deserves to be categorized as one of the greater buddy films of all time.